VET APPROVED
WRITTEN BY
Dr. Kim Podlecki
DVM (Veterinarian)
The details are current and comply with the most recent veterinary research.
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During festive seasons, you might see many veterinarians sharing information about potential poisons that your dog could consume. This is because during gatherings, travels, or having new visitors at home, your dog may be at a higher risk of ingesting harmful substances.
As a responsible dog owner, it’s crucial to be aware of the ten most common toxins in dogs throughout the year, not just during the holiday season. Keep reading to learn more about what you need to watch out for.
The Most Prevalent Toxins in Dogs
1. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medications
While it may seem harmless to grab some Ibuprofen for a headache or cold medicine for a stuffy nose, these medications, safe for humans when used as directed, can be extremely toxic to your furry friend.
In 2020, OTC medications were the primary toxin causing poisoning in dogs for the third consecutive year. The toxicity level depends on the type of medication, the quantity ingested, and your dog’s weight.
Potential adverse effects may include kidney and liver damage, abnormal blood pressure, blood clotting issues, and even death.
2. Human Prescription Medications
Similarly to OTC medications, some human prescription drugs, such as cardiac medications, anti-depressants, seizure medications, and blood pressure or diabetes drugs, can be highly toxic to dogs.
The severity of poisoning from human prescription drugs depends on the specific medication, the amount ingested, and your dog’s weight. The side effects are akin to those of OTC medications.
3. Human Foods
Several human foods, like grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, xylitol, and certain health bars, can be toxic to dogs if ingested in large quantities.
Grapes and raisins can lead to kidney failure, while onions and garlic might cause anemia in significant amounts. Xylitol can induce life-threatening hypoglycemia in dogs. In extreme cases, ingestion of xylitol in baked goods can result in acute liver failure, leading to the dog’s demise.
Always monitor your dog’s food intake, especially when children or unfamiliar individuals are around. For instance, ensure that food kept in bags for work or school is securely stored where your dog cannot access it.
4. Chocolate
Chocolate toxicity is a common issue in dogs due to the presence of theobromine or methylxanthine in chocolate products. Dark chocolate with higher cocoa content and baker’s chocolate are more toxic to dogs even in small amounts.
Do not underestimate milk chocolate either! Large quantities of milk chocolate, like a whole bag of Halloween candy, can be highly toxic to your canine companion.
5. Plants
Plants from indoors, gardens, or bouquets brought home may pose a toxic threat to dogs. Some plants may cause digestive issues like vomiting and diarrhea, while others, such as the sago palm, can be highly toxic and fatal.
If you are unsure if a plant your dog ate is toxic, seek guidance. If still uncertain, contact the local veterinary ER or the ASPCA Poison Control immediately.
6. Household Products
Household items like bleach, undiluted disinfectant, Gorilla Glue, Super Glue, paint, and beauty products can be toxic to pets. Keep these products locked away and out of your pet’s reach. If you suspect your dog has ingested any of these substances, keep the packaging and contact your veterinarian and poison control without delay.
7. Rodenticides
Rodenticides are commonly used products that can be lethal to dogs. Some people may not realize these products are present in or around their homes. Before moving into a new place, check under and behind appliances, and inquire about rodent control measures from the landlord.
Rodenticides can lead to various outcomes, such as fatal bleeding, seizures, or kidney failure. These products are highly attractive to animals, including dogs, due to their taste and odor. Even small amounts of rodenticides can be deadly.
8. Veterinary Products
Even veterinary-prescribed medications, if consumed in excess, can be toxic to dogs. Whether it’s pain relievers, antibiotics, sedatives, or preventatives, an overdose can result in poisoning.
Keep a record of all medications in your home, and in case of accidental ingestion by your dog, provide as much information as possible to your veterinarian. Maintaining an inventory of these products can be beneficial in emergencies.
9. Insecticides
Insecticides, including ant and roach baits, sprays, and lawn treatments, can be toxic to dogs. Opt for pet-safe products when treating your household or lawn for pests. Ensure that any concentrated forms are out of reach as they can be more dangerous than diluted versions.
Snail bait, a common product in some regions, can cause severe symptoms like tremors, seizures, and even death in dogs, even with small quantities.
10. Garden Products
Fertilizers, especially those containing manure that dogs find appealing, can be toxic. Use pet-safe garden products and prevent your dog from accessing concentrated forms of these products.
Conclusion
Owning a dog can be worrisome, especially when they ingest harmful substances accidentally. By being vigilant about your surroundings, securing potentially toxic items, and monitoring your dog’s activities, you can reduce the risk of toxicity incidents. Store medications, household products, and cleaning agents in secure cabinets out of your pet’s reach. Supervise your dog outdoors to prevent them from ingesting toxic substances. Your attentiveness as a pet owner could potentially save your dog’s life one day.
- Related read: Carprofen for Dogs: Uses, Dosage, and Safety (Vet Answer)
Featured Image Credit: AlexanderStein, Pixabay
